The Open Society and Its Enemies by Karl PopperIn this philosophical critique of Plato, Aristotle, and Hegel, Karl Popper builds an argument for why an open society and liberal democracy is the best solution for combating tyranny. An open society allows for the peaceful removal of political leaders (i.e. fair elections) and allows for all the citizens to know what their government is doing (i.e. transparency).
Why this is progressive/liberal: If you really want to understand the philosophy that underpins progressive political philosophy you need to be familiar with this 2-volume set. Popper lays out the argument for the importance of transparency and openness in a liberal democracy.
Unfortunately, it does this mostly by critiquing other philosophers. This is not an easy read, but it's an important one.
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